Patent Terms Glossary

Substantive Reasons For Refusal

Definition:
There are several substantive reasons for refusing registration of a mark. These include: likelihood of confusion; primarily merely descriptive or deceptively misdescriptive of the goods/services.

Trade Secret

Definition:
Information that companies keep secret to give them an advantage over their competitors.

Office Action

Definition:
A letter from a trademark examining attorney setting forth the legal status of a trademark application. There are several types of Office actions: examiner’s amendments, priority actions, and suspension inquiry letters.

PAIR

Definition:
Patent Application Information Retrieval - provides secure access for customers who want to view current patent application status electronically via the Internet.

Classification of Goods and Services

Definition:
Goods and services are classified by an international system, according to international treaties to which the United States is a signatory.

Patent Pending

Definition:
A phrase that often appears on manufactured items. It means that someone has applied for a patent on an invention that is contained in the manufactured item.

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